4. New ideas in politics and government emerge from stress

New ideas in politics and government tend to emerge in times of social, economic and political stress. I don't think the type of stress itself is the key reason to explaining why this is, but rather stress itself. When things in general aren't working right or when the "work" out weighs the "pay"; then people try to fix them. Thus in reassessing those aspects/ objects, people are able to learn from their mistakes and create new theories, which then lead to new ideas in politics, government etc.

There are many examples of this in history. One good one is nine eleven, when terrorists snuck weapons on board planes and successfully crashed into the World trade center and the Pentagon, not only destroying the buildings but killing thousands of people in the process. Aside from the obvious tragedies and anger this provoked, it also proved that the US security was not good enough. That a terrorist could sneak past all the metal detectors and scanners with a weapon on him/her. After this tragedy, Airport security went up 200%. Metal detectors are more sensitive to metal and baggage is being checked. Carry on items are checked and scanned. Also many new items were being banned such as water bottles, plastic knifes and more. (yet these items are more due to recent threats but still fall under the same category as airport security) Also a social impact that this incident had on the public was that people were being discriminated on by there race (more than just stereotypes) Because the terrorist were believed to have been people from Al Qaeda. People began jumping to conclusions, many Islamic people were being treated poorly and thought of as terrorists as well. The affect of the stress caused from 9/11 was responsible for not only the improvement of air port security (governmental) and in some ways encouraged racism (politics). As I said before, invents like this, are responsible for changes in government and politics, and new inventions/ideas.

3. Population Growth in the Classical Period

  i believe that population growth was the most significant development of the classical period because it contributed the progression of humanity, in aspects such as deforestation, increase in the complexity of societies, the spread of learning, and expanding networks. with more people living together, came access to more skills, knowledge and power; but it also meant more mouths to feed. Luckily with so many people harvesting and farming were fairly easy, yet over time, trees, plants, and animals that the society needed slowly became smaller and smaller in numbers. (i.e. deforestation and extinction.) The spread of learning included the progress of technology, also having so many people living together allowed there to be more innovations being created; things that benefited farming, transpiration and other things.

Cities were also becoming more complex creating or establishing their own hierarchy, currency, transportation, armies, and trade routes. Larger populations also benefited the functioning and effectiveness of trade. With more people it was easier to trade with civilizations not just neighboring them but also farther away places. Places like Afro Eurasia had many trades routes leading all throughout the area. Trade was not only responsible for spreading resources but also religion. The dominating religions being spread during this time included Hinduism, Judaism, buddhism, and Christianity.

So as you can tell population itself led to complexity in societies, expansion in networks and more, which then led to things like the spread of religion, new resources increase in technology and more. The growth of population pushed humanity one huge step closer to becoming what it is now.

2. Greatest achievement during the Classical Period

I believe that the biggest change that occurred during the Classical period was simply the expansion and creation of larger civilizations. During this time period was when the large regional civilizations of China, India and Mediterranean formed. Before the Classical Period, these regions had been filled with smaller independent states, nomadic groups and/or tribes. During the Classical Period, they had been replaced by two large empires. It was also during this time that civilizations began trading with each other, it was also when civilizations (whether large or small) shared new ideas, new innovations and culture among each other through trade, war, and simply living near one another. That led to new products such as silk from Asia as well as iron.(that was used for tools and weaponry.

Another aspect that I feel could be considered one of the biggest change (which connects to my previous statement regarding all the trade that had begun) would be that after the large civilizations formed, their leaders worked to integrate their new civilizations with others' culturally and commercially. From this, classical civilizations grew larger in their geographic, economic, cultural, and political reach. Thus, during the Classical period, civilizations grew in population, technology, culture and economically thanks to the interactions that occurred between on another.